COVID-19 Spread, Risk, and Treatment

How do coronaviruses spread?

Coronaviruses are transmitted among people mostly through shaking hands or making other human contact; breathing the air where someone with a virus has sneezed and coughed; and touching exposed objects or surfaces and then touching the eyes, mouth, or other parts of the body. They are most likely to spread in the fall and winter, although you can get one at any time. Doctors are still learning about how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted from one person to another.

Who is at risk for coronaviruses?

All of us are at risk for coronaviruses, but for healthy people, the illnesses they cause may not be particularly dangerous. Older adults and people with chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes are considered to be at higher risk for more severe symptoms. If a coronavirus is circulating in a particular part of the world, people who live in that area or visit there will be at higher risk, so it may be important to check the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) travel advisories before planning trips.  

How are coronaviruses treated?

There is no treatment for most coronaviruses, and most people will recover on their own. However, anyone with serious symptoms should talk to their doctor. In most cases, symptoms can be relieved with over-the-counter medications, plenty of liquids and rest, and a humidifier if needed for a cough. In the case of COVID-19, the disease caused by of SARS-CoV-2, one treatment has been fully approved by the FDA, and a handful of others have received emergency use authorizations. But there is no single effective treatment, and researchers continue to study potential therapies.

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